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Molarity of Concentrated Acids & Bases Molarity of Concentrated Acids & Bases

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Molarity of Concentrated Acids & Bases

Dilutions to Make a 1 Molar Solution

Concentrated Reagents
Density
Molarity
(M)
Normality
(N)
Volume (mL)
required to
make 1000 mL
solution:
1M
1N
Acetic acid 99.5%
 1.05
17.4
17.4
57.5
57.5
Ammonia 35%
0.880
18.1
18.1
55.3
55.3
Ammonia 25%
0.910
13.4
13.4
74.6
74.6
Hydrochloric acid 36%
1.18
11.65
11.65 
85.8
85.8
Hydrochloric acid 32%
1.16
10.2
10.2
98.0
98.0
Hydrofluoric acid 40%
1.13
22.6
22.6
44.2
44.2
Nitric acid 70%
1.42
15.8
15.8
63.3
63.3
Perchloric acid 60%
1.54
9.2
 9.2
108.7
108.7
Perchloric acid 70%
1.67
11.6
11.6
86.2
86.2
Orthophosphoric acid 85%
1.7
15.2
45.6
65.8
21.9
Sodium hydroxide 47%
1.5
17.6
17.6
56.7
56.7
Sulfuric acid 98%
1.84
18.4
36.8
54.3
27.2

Concentrated
Reagent
Formula
Weight1
Density
Approx.2
Strength
Molarity
(M)
Normality
(N)
Volume (mL)
required to
make 1000 mL
solution3
1 M
1 N
Acetic Acid (CH3COOH)
60.052
1.05
99.8%
17.4
17.4
57.5
57.5
Formic Acid (HCOOH)
46.026
1.13
90%
23.6
23.6
42.5
42.5
Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
36.461
1.18
37.2%
12.1
12.1
82.5
82.5
Hydrofluoric Acid (HF)
20.006
1.19
49%
28.9
28.9
34.5
34.5
Nitric Acid (HNO3)
63.013
1.41
69.6%
15.6
15.6
64
63
Perchloric Acid (HClO4)
100.46
1.67
70.5%
11.7
11.7
85.5
85.5
Perchloric Acid (HClO4)
100.46
1.67
61.3%
9.5
9.5
105.5
105.5
Phosphoric Acid (H3PO4)
97.995
1.71
85.5%
14.8
44.4
67.5
22.5
Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
98.073
1.84
96%
18
36
55.5
28
Ammonium Hydroxide
(NH4OH)
35.046
0.90
 56.6%4
14.5
14.5
69
69
Sodium Hydroxide
(NaOH)
39.997
1.53
50.5%
19.4
19.4
51.5
51.5
Potassium Hydroxide
(KOH)
56.105
1.45
45%
11.7
11.7
85.5
85.5
1. Based on Atomic Weight Table (32 C = 12).
2. Representative value, w/w %.
3. Rounded to nearest 0.5ml.
4. Equivalent to 28.0% w/w NH3.
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Last Updated: 08/20/21